Intergenerational mutation rate does not equal long-term evolutionary substitution rate

Intergenerational mutation rate does not equal long-term evolutionary substitution rate.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: long-term survival does not equal cure.

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma represents 90% of pancreatic cancers and is an important cause of cancer death in the United States. Operative resection remains as the only treatment providing prolonged survival, but even after a curative resection, 5-year survival rates are low. Our aim was to identify the prognostic factors for long-term survival after resection of pancreatic duct...

The Long-Term Discount Rate∗

We develop an expression for the long-term discount rate in an economy in which a representative consumer has access to both a risk-free and a risky production technology. Even when the risk-free sector is very small, and with probability one becomes a negligible fraction of the economy in the long run, interest rates are determined differently than in a single-sector economy. As in a single-ri...

Flow meters: what do you mean the flow rate from one does not equal the same flow rate from another?

Achieving a stable blood oxygen level in patients who depend on this level of care is arguably determined in part by precise regulation of oxygen flow. The reliance on flow meter accuracy is the cautionary message that is relayed in the paper by Davidson et al in this issue of RESPIRATORY CARE.1 There is limited evidence that defends oxygen flow meter accuracy,2 which may account for the lack o...

Does Mutation Rate Depend on Itself?

M any a research paper, textbook chapter, and grant proposal has begun with the phrase " Mutation is the ultimate source of genetic variation. " Implicit in this phrase is the assumption that genetic variation is required for evolution. Without mutation, evolution would not be possible, and life itself could never have arisen in the first place. However, there is overwhelming evidence that the ...